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Coffee shop staff schedule: the rush, the midday lull and the weekend

A small coffee shop needs two people on the morning rush, one the rest of the weekday and two for weekend brunch. Staff are part-time with narrow availability, so the schedule is a coverage problem. The useful question is which blocks you cannot staff with the team you have, and why, before the week is posted.

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A worked example

An invented shop has six people (wages $18, $16, $15, $15, $17 and $15 an hour). Weekdays have three blocks: 6 to 11 with two people, 11 to 4 with one, 4 to 8 with one. Weekends have 7 to 3 with two and 3 to 7 with one. That is 26 person-shifts. Maya can work any day, Noah Monday to Friday, Priya Wednesday to Sunday, Quinn weekends, Rosa weekday mornings and Sam Friday to Sunday from 8 am. This is the CLI's real output with the default 10-hour rest rule:

PersonShifts
MayaSix blocks across Monday to Saturday
NoahFive blocks, Monday to Friday
PriyaThree weekday and one Sunday block
QuinnSaturday and Sunday brunch
RosaMorning rush, Monday to Thursday
SamFriday evening and both weekend closes

24 of 26 person-shifts are covered for $2,066 with no overtime. The two left open are the Monday and Tuesday evenings. The builder says why: two people are free then, but taking the evening would break the rest rule. Only Maya and Noah can work weekday evenings and both are already holding the day blocks, so a 4 pm start straight after a 4 pm finish counts as no rest.

Setting rest to 0 hours, which is what working a long day really means, covers all 26 for $2,182. Hours do not run out; the extra $116 pays for the two evening blocks. Whether that is acceptable is a decision for the owner, and a clear alternative is to find one person with weekday evening availability. Lowering the rest rule to 6, 8 or 9 hours changes nothing here, because the gap between back-to-back blocks is zero.

Hand-building usually hides the Monday evening gap until the week starts. Listing the open blocks with reasons first turns it into a decision.

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Questions

Why are Monday and Tuesday evenings the ones left open?

Only Maya and Noah can work weekday evenings, and both are already needed for the morning rush and midday. The builder counts the end of one block to the start of the next as rest, so a person who finishes at 4 pm cannot start the 4 to 8 block straight after under any rest rule above 0. Allowing back-to-back blocks, or adding someone with weekday evening availability, closes the gap.

Does it know about opening and closing procedures?

No. It sees blocks, head counts, wages, availability and limits. If the opener needs to be a key holder, enter the key holders as the only people available for that block, or schedule the opening shift by hand and build the rest around it.

Can I give it different head counts for rush and quiet hours?

Yes. Each line is a day range, a start and end hour, how many people are needed and a label, so a two-person rush block and a one-person midday block are separate lines.